ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the possible long-term health effects of the defoamer used in seawater desalination by sub-chronic toxicity testing.@*METHODS@#Blood analysis, internal organ assessment, and histopathological examination were carried out in rats exposed to low, medium, and high (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg BW, respectively) doses of defoamer for 90 days through oral administration.@*RESULTS@#The high dose group showed decreased blood alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.05). All doses resulted in a significant increase in albumin and decrease in globulin (P < 0.05). The direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin were decreased in the medium and high dose groups (P < 0.05). All dose groups showed significant induction of alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05). Pathological examination revealed a case of liver mononuclear cell infiltration in the medium dose group and three cases of liver congestion, steatosis of hepatic cells around the central vein, and punctate necrosis with multiple focal mononuclear cell infiltration in male rats administered the high dose. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level was 0.5 g/kg BW in rats, with albumin and total bilirubin as health effect indices.@*CONCLUSION@#Long-term defoamer exposure may cause liver injury but has no significant impact on renal function in rats. The effect on blood cells in female rats was more prominent than that in male rats.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Administration, Oral , Antifoaming Agents , Toxicity , Blood Chemical Analysis , Body Weight , Eating , Rats, Wistar , Toxicity Tests, SubchronicABSTRACT
To Assess the role of antifungal prophylaxis in decreasing Candida infection and colonization in severely neutropenic children with hematological malignancies. Sixty four patients with severe neutropenia are randomized equally into 2 groups on 1:1 basis either to receive fluconazole prophylaxis [study group], or to receive placebo [control group]. Fluconazole antifungal prophylaxis/ placebo It was continued for 6 weeks, and follow up of the patient done until either Prophylaxis success by recovery from severe neutropenia [ANC
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neutropenia/blood , Candidiasis/drug therapy , Fluconazole , Antifoaming Agents , ChildABSTRACT
O tempo de destoxificaçäo, o rendimento e a potência da vacina Pertussis foram avaliados em cultivos de Bordetella pertussis isentos e adicionados com diferentes concentraçöes de anti-espumante em fermentadores (Biolafitte 50L). Foram realizadas modificaçöes nos fermentadores e no procedimento da fermentaçäo, com a finalidade de evitar a formaçäo de espuma nos cultivos. Suspensöes de B. pertussis com anti-espumante apresentaram maior tempo de destoxificaçäo e menor rendimento quando comparadas com aquelas isentas do agente químico. Em todos os processos, a potência foi superior a 8 UI/ml, estando de acordo com as recomendaçöes da Organizaçäo Mundial da Saúde